The noncovalently adsorbed phenol on the RGO surface can not only serve as an ⦠The Dow process is somewhat more general, but the stringent conditions required often lead to low yields, and they may destroy any other functional groups on the molecule. The ‘Hazard classification’ and labelling section uses the signal word, pictogram(s) and hazard statements of the substance under the harmonised classification and labelling (CLH) as its primary source of information. Substances which have been registered and can be placed on the EEA market by those companies with a valid registration. The association between water and phenol is unusually strong; when crystalline phenol is left out in a humid environment, it picks up enough water from the air to form liquid droplets. Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. the electronic edition of the Official Journal of the European Union. Phenols occur either as colourless liquids or white solids at room temperature and may be highly toxic and caustic. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Oxidation yields a hydroperoxide (cumene hydroperoxide), which undergoes acid-catalyzed rearrangement to phenol and acetone. The source of the information is mentioned in the introductory sentence of the hazard statements. The use information is displayed per substance life cycle stage (consumer use, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites or in manufacturing). Updates? Phenol-formaldehyde resins were the first ⦠The InfoCard summarises the non-confidential data of a substance held in the databases of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). This substance is used by consumers, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing and at industrial sites. Guidance on safe use - recommendations by substance registrant on the proper use of the substance in various situations. Phenol may have been the first surgical antiseptic. Some substance identifiers may have been claimed confidential, or may not have been provided, and therefore not be displayed. If a substance is classified under multiple CLH entries, a link to the C&L Inventory is provided to allow users to view CLH information associated with the substance and no text is automatically generated for the InfoCard. Corrections? Picric acid (2,4,6-trinitrophenol) is an important explosive that was used in World War I. Phenolic resins account for a large portion of phenol production. in case of consumer and professional uses). Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The CLP Regulation ensures that the hazards presented by chemicals are clearly communicated to workers and consumers in the European Union through classification and labelling of chemicals. The per substance REACH registration status is being calculated and will be made available as soon as possible. Phenolic resins are a group of the most versatile polymers yet invented. An effective explosive needs a high proportion of oxidizing groups such as nitro groups. Used in the production of resins, principally urea formaldehyde and phenol-formaldehyde, which are used to make cores and moulds for foundries. Omissions? Its chemical formula can also be ⦠28064-14-4 - Phenol, polymer with formaldehyde, glycidyl ether - Searchable synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information. REACH registered substance data was upgraded on 9th November. Use descriptors are adapted from ECHA guidance to improve readability and may not correspond textually to descriptor codes described in Chapter R.12: Use Descriptor system of ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment. Most functional groups can survive this technique, as long as they are stable in the presence of dilute acid. Uses of Formaldehyde â CH 2 O. A substance may have its use restricted to certain articles or products and therefore not all the examples may apply to the specific substance. In that case, the ATP (Adaptation to Technical Progress) number is displayed. It is the responsibility of the substance manufacturers and importers to consult official publications, e.g. Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) has a much lower toxicity and is a common antioxidant in foods. This substance is used in the following products: coating products and fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay. C8H6O2. inside a watch) or with very low concentrations considered not to pose risks to human health or the environment. Unlike simple alcohols, most phenols are completely deprotonated by sodium hydroxide (NaOH). According to the classification provided by companies to ECHA in CLP notifications this substance is toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects, causes serious eye irritation, causes skin irritation and may cause an allergic skin reaction. It covers their hazardous properties, classification and labelling, and information on how to use them safely. ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which this substance is most likely to be released to the environment. Like other alcohols, phenols undergo oxidation, but they give different types of products from those seen with aliphatic alcohols. The molecular structure is based on structures generated from information available in ECHA’s databases. The CLP Regulation makes sure that the hazards presented by chemicals are clearly communicated to workers and consumers in the European Union. For example, chromic acid oxidizes most phenols to conjugated 1,4-diketones called quinones. If at least one company has indicated that the substance classification is affected by impurities or additives, this will be indicated by an informative sentence. Synonyms. If the substance was not covered by the EC Inventory, ECHA attributes a list number in the same format, starting with the numbers 6, 7, 8 or 9. ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or into which articles the substance might have been processed. The chemical formula of formaldehyde is CH2O: it has one carbon (C) atom, two hydrogen (H) atoms and one oxygen (O) atom. Commercial materials are most commonly based on phenol itself; other phenols such as cresols, xylenols and resorcinol are used to a limited extent. The purpose of the information provided under this section is to highlight the substance hazardousness in a readable format. If generated, an InChI string will also be generated and made available for searching. A prioritisation hierarchy means that data is taken from harmonised C&L data and regulatory lists first, then REACH registrations and finally from CLP notifications. More information about the EC Inventory can be found here. Phenol itself is the only one of the family that you are likely to need to know about for UK A level purposes. ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which this substance is most likely to be released to the environment. Phenol-formaldehyde polymers are polymers formed by the interaction of a phenol, or a mixture of phenols, and formaldehyde. Such notifications are required for hazardous substances, mixtures, or articles, manufactured or imported at over 1 kg per annum. Thus, they are more soluble in water than are alcohols and have higher boiling points. This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our websites. Compounds with other principal functional groups can be named with the hydroxyl group as a hydroxy substituent. the products in which the substance may be used) may refer to uses as intermediate and under controlled conditions, for which there is no consumer exposure. More information about CAS and the CAS registry can be found here. Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures. 2-Propenoic acid, polymer with 4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenol, formaldehyde, 2,5-furandione, 2-methyloxirane, 4-nonylphenol and oxirane Valid Active The common phenol hydroquinone is the component of photographic developer that reduces exposed silver bromide crystals to black metallic silver. During this time formaldehyde was mainly used as an embalming agent or medical preservative, but these early uses represent less than 1% of total formaldehyde sales today. A substance identified primarily by an EC or list number may be linked with more than one CAS number, or with CAS numbers that have been deleted. This substance is used in the following areas: building & construction work. Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals, Chemical Agents Directive and Carcinogens or Mutagens Directive, Formaldehyde, oligomeric reaction products with 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane and phenol, Substance Evaluation - CoRAP, Pre-Registration process, Formaldehyde, polymer with 2-(chloromethyl)oxirane and phenol, 2-(2-{[2-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)phenyl]methyl}phenoxymethyl)oxirane; 2-(2-{[4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)phenyl]methyl}phenoxymethyl)oxirane; 2-(4-{[4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)phenyl]methyl}phenoxymethyl)oxirane, 2-(chloromethyl)oxirane; formaldehyde; phenol, bisphenol-F-epichlorohydrin resin, MM=<700, Epichlorohydrin formaldehyde-phenol polymer; epoxy resin, epoxy phenol novolak resin: Phenol, polymer with formaldehyde, glycidyl ether or Epichlorohydrin-formaldehyde-phenol copolymer OR Formaldehyde, oligomeric reaction products with 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane and phenol, Formaldehyde, olgomeric reaction products with 1-chloro-2,3epoxypropane and phenol, FORMALDEHYDE, OLIGOMERIC REACTION PRODUCTS WITH 1-CHLORO-2,3- EPOXYPROPANE AND PHENOL, Formaldehyde, Oligomeric reaction products with 1-chloro2,3-epoxypropane and phenol, Formaldehyde, polymer with (chloromethyl)oxirane and phenol. Phenol dissolves to give a 9.3 percent solution in water, compared with a 3.6 percent solution for cyclohexanol in water. Phenol, formaldehyde polymer. phenol-formaldehyde resin. This substance has been found in the following regulatory activities (directly, or inheriting the regulatory context of a parent substance): Welcome to the ECHA website. The resin curing behavior, molecular structure, bonding performance, and properties of resin-impregnated wood were investigated. Phenol is the simplest member of a family of compounds in which an -OH group is attached directly to a benzene ring. The chemical equation is given below. The most obvious difference is the enhanced acidity of phenols. However, substance notifications in the InfoCard are aggregated independently of the impurities and additives. For example, phenols react with acids to give esters, and phenoxide ions (ArO−) can be good nucleophiles in Williamson ether synthesis. Tham khảo há»p thông tin. This section is based on three sources for information (harmonised classification and labelling (CLH), REACH registrations and CLP notifications). Chlorobenzene is hydrolyzed by a strong base at high temperatures to give a phenoxide salt, which is acidified to phenol. ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used. Molecular Formula C 7 H 8 O 2; Average mass 124.137 Da; Monoisotopic mass 124.052429 Da; ChemSpider ID 150578 In 1865 the British surgeon Joseph Lister used phenol as an antiseptic to sterilize his operating field. The Prior Informed Consent Regulation administers the import and export of certain hazardous chemicals and places obligations on companies who wish to export these chemicals to non-EU countries. The molecular formula identifies each type of element by its chemical symbol and identifies the number of atoms of each element found in one discrete molecule of the substance. The ‘Hazard classification and labelling’ section shows the hazards of a substance based on the standardised system of statements and pictograms established under the CLP (Classification Labelling and Packaging) Regulation. ECHA organises consultations to get feedback from all interested parties and to gather the widest possible range of scientific information for the regulatory processes. The EC Inventory is a combination of three independent European lists of substances from the previous EU chemicals regulatory frameworks (EINECS, ELINCS and the NLP-list). Hydroquinone is used in developing photographic film by reducing activated (exposed to light) silver bromide (AgBr) to black metallic silver (Ag↓). The polymerization of phenol with formaldehyde involves electrophilic aromatic substitution at the ortho and para positions of phenol (probably somewhat randomly), followed by cross-linking of the polymeric chains. Typically novolaks are prepared by the condensation of a ⦠Substances may have impurities and additives that lead to different classifications. EC Inventory, C&L Inventory, Substance Evaluation - CoRAP, Registration dossier, Pre-Registration process, Other, Substances of very high concern identification, Recommendation for the Authorisation List, Getting started with EU chemicals legislation, Classification of substances and mixtures, Harmonised classification and labelling (CLH). This site is not fully supported in Internet Explorer 7 (and earlier versions). Formaldehyde is made of methanol and phenol from benzene using the cumene process. Less-toxic phenols, such as n-hexylresorcinol, have supplanted phenol itself in cough drops and other antiseptic applications. This enzyme is an important component of cellular metabolism for the elimination of formaldehyde, a potent irritant and sensitizing agent that causes lacrymation, rhinitis, pharyngitis, and contact dermatitis. Harmonised classification and labelling is a legally binding classification and labelling for a substance, agreed at European Community level. Phenols are not as acidic as carboxylic acids, but they are much more acidic than aliphatic alcohols, and they are more acidic than water. Note that for readability purposes, only the pictograms, signal words and hazard statements referred in more than 5% of the notifications under CLP are displayed. The CAS number is the substance numerical identifier assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service, a division of the American Chemical Society, to substances registered in the CAS registry database. 1) (Forss and Fuhrmann1979), (b) the material comes from renewable resources, and (c) it can be used as a macromolecular material without previous treatment (Nimz 1983; Pang et al. For example, phenol itself is used (in low concentrations) as a disinfectant in household cleaners and in mouthwash. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008] Many phenolic compounds were discovered and used long before chemists were able to determine their structures. Prepolymer resol resins with different phenol/formaldehyde/NaOH molar ratios were synthesized and characterized by technical analysis as well as by C-13 NMR spectra for samples in CD3OD solution. Therefore, trivial names (i.e., vanillin, salicylic acid, pyrocatechol, resorcinol, cresol, hydroquinone, and eugenol) are often used for the most common phenolic compounds. Formaldehyde, phenol polymer. This stabilization is most effective for attack at the ortho or para position of the ring; therefore, the hydroxyl group of a phenol is considered to be activating (i.e., its presence causes the aromatic ring to be more reactive than benzene) and ortho- or para-directing. ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used. Dynea produces a large volume of formaldehyde as an intermediate product, but we also supply formaldehyde in various consentrations and quality grades to the external market. InfoCards are generated automatically based on the data available at the time of generation. Benzene is easily converted to chlorobenzene by a variety of methods, one of which is the Dow process. Public (risk management) activities co-ordination table. Much of the chemistry of phenols is like that of alcohols. It does not represent a new labelling, classification or hazard statement, neither reflect other factors that affect the susceptibility of the effects described, such as duration of exposure or substance concentration (e.g. For example, phenol (molecular weight [MW] 94, boiling point [bp] 182 °C [359.6 °F]) has a boiling point more than 70 degrees higher than that of toluene (C6H5CH3; MW 92, bp 111 °C [231.8 °F]). The simplest way to draw the structure of phenol is: Phenol, any of a family of organic compounds characterized by a hydroxyl (―OH) group attached to a carbon atom that is part of an aromatic ring. Substances listed in the EINECS, ELINCS, or NLP inventories. Amines, tallow alkyl, reaction products with formaldehyde and phenol, ethoxylated Unknown: TSCA Inv Amines, tallow alkyl, reaction products with formaldehyde and phenol, ethoxylated Valid: Inactive 2020 CDR Full Exempt Amines, tallow alkyl, reaction products with formaldehyde and phenol⦠REACH regulation aims to improve the protection of human health and the environment from the risks that can be posed by chemicals. We report a facile in situ synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (RGO)âphenol formaldehyde (PF) composites with an interactive oxidationâreduction reaction. Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles. ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used. US3336243A US321295A US32129563A US3336243A US 3336243 A US3336243 A US 3336243A US 321295 A US321295 A US 321295A US 32129563 A US32129563 A US 32129563A US 3336243 A US3336243 A US 3336243A Authority US United States Prior art keywords liquid copolymer phenolic acrylamide resin Prior art date 1963-11-04 Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a ⦠ChemIDplus - 9003-35-4 - KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Phenol-formaldehyde resin - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information. The information is aggregated from the data coming from REACH substance registrations provided by industry. Additionally, if available, information on the use of the substance and how consumers and workers are likely to be exposed to it can also be displayed here. Individual Protection Measures, Such as Personal Protective Equipment Mixtures of phenols (especially the cresols) are used as components in wood preservatives such as creosote. disodium tetraborate EC no. We apologise for the inconvenience in the meantime. This section provides an overview of the calculated volume at which the substance is manufactured or imported to the European Economic Area (EU28 + Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway). Nitro groups are strongly deactivating (i.e., make the aromatic ring less reactive), however, and it is often difficult to add a second or third nitro group to an aromatic compound. Details of dossier compliance checks and testing proposal evaluation. Warning! The EC Number is the numerical identifier for substances in the EC Inventory. Typical mole ratios of formaldehyde to phenol range from 1.2 to 1.9 mol of formaldehyde per mol of phenol. The Support section provides tools and practical guidance to companies which have responsibilities under the EU chemicals legislation. Lignin is a good candidate to replace phenol in the phenol formaldehyde resinsâ formulation because (a) its polyphenolic structure is similar to that of phenolic resin (Fig. The substance identifiers displayed in the InfoCard are the best available substance name, EC number, CAS number and/or the molecular and structural formulas. Formaldehyde, polymer with (Chloromethyl) Oxirane and phenol. Phenol, the cresols (methylphenols), and other simple alkylated phenols can be obtained from the distillation of coal tar or crude petroleum. Substances indicated, in 2009, as being intended to be registered by at least one company in the EEA. The simple alcohols are very weak acids (pK...…. The EC or list number is the primary substance identifier used by ECHA. Other substituted phenols are used in the dye industry to make intensely coloured azo dyes. The precautionary measures and guidance on safe use are as submitted to ECHA by registrants under the REACH Regulation. Here you can find all of the regulations and regulatory lists in which this substance appears, according to the data available to ECHA. This substance has not been registered under the REACH Regulation, therefore as yet ECHA has not received any data about this substance from registration dossiers. A majority of data submitters agree this substance is Skin sensitising. When the molar ratio of formaldehyde:phenol reaches one, in theory every phenol is linked together via methylene bridges, generating one single molecule, and the system is entirely crosslinked. Abstract. Tool showing an overview of substances in various key regulatory processes that authorities are working on. Molecular formula. If the hydroxyl group is the principal functional group of a phenol, the compound can be named as a substituted phenol, with carbon atom 1 bearing the hydroxyl group. Formaldehyde, polymer with 3-chloro-1-propene and phenol | C10H13ClO2 | CID 168810 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more. Many of the more complex phenols used as flavourings and aromas are obtained from essential oils of plants. ECHA has no data from registration dossiers on the precautionary measures for using this substance. Occupational exposure limit (OEL) values are derived within two legal frameworks that form an integral part of the EUâs mechanism for protecting the health of workers. An oxygen atom normally forms two σ bonds with other atoms; the water molecule, H2O, is the... Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. CAS Number: 92-69-3 215–540–4, is covered by three harmonisations: 005–011–00–4; 005–011–01–1 and 005–011–02–9), CLH information cannot be displayed in the InfoCard as the difference between the CLH classifications requires manual interpretation or verification. In the presence of oxygen in the air, many phenols slowly oxidize to give dark mixtures containing quinones. A milder, more general reaction is the diazotization of an arylamine (a derivative of aniline, C6H5NH2) to give a diazonium salt, which hydrolyzes to a phenol. Information on precautionary measures and the safe use is submitted by the registrant of a substance and the registrant is solely responsible for its accuracy and completeness. Although this process seems more complicated than the Dow process, it is advantageous because it produces two valuable industrial products: phenol and acetone. This substance is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and building & construction work. 2017). If available, additional information on classification and labelling (C&L) is derived from REACH registration dossiers submitted by industry. The type of uses and classifications may vary between different submissions to ECHA and for a full understanding it is recommended to consult the source data. (See chemical bonding: Intermolecular forces for more information about hydrogen bonding.) Phenol, polymer with formaldehyde. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. ECHA maintains the C&L Inventory, but does not review or verify the accuracy of the information. plasters, cement), fabricated metal products, electrical, electronic and optical equipment and machinery and vehicles. Substances for which classification and labelling data have been notified to ECHA by manufacturers or importers. When information is available in all sources, the first two are displayed as a priority. Phenol formaldehyde; Structure of Bakelite. What is the Classification and Labelling Inventory? This section provides links to the list of precautions (precautionary statements) and to the guidance on safe use, if they have been provided in REACH registration dossiers. Phenol-formaldehyde resin, also called phenolic resin, any of a number of synthetic resins made by reacting phenol (an aromatic alcohol derived from benzene) with formaldehyde (a reactive gas derived from methane). The ability of phenols to form strong hydrogen bonds also enhances their solubility in water. The Waste Framework Directive aims to protect the environment and human health from the generation and management of waste and to improve efficient use of resources. Furthermore, some substances can be found in an article, but with unlikely exposure (e.g. Phenol is quite toxic, however, and concentrated solutions cause severe but painless burns of the skin and mucous membranes. This information is only displayed if the substance is well-defined, its identity is not claimed confidential and there is sufficient information available in ECHA’s databases for ECHA’s algorithms to generate a molecular structure. Although phenols are often considered simply as aromatic alcohols, they do have somewhat different properties. Harmonisation is based on the substance’s physical, toxicological and eco-toxicological hazard assessment. Catalyst levels range from 0.5% to 3%. Similar to alcohols, phenols have hydroxyl groups that can participate in intermolecular hydrogen bonding; in fact, phenols tend to form stronger hydrogen bonds than alcohols. Is one of the European Union a strong base at high temperatures to give a 9.3 percent in... Lister ’ s ward Regulations and regulatory lists in which chemical products the substance might be.. World War I amputations fell from 45 to 15 percent in Lister ’ ward! ; Average mass 124.137 Da ; ChemSpider ID 150578 molecular Formula severely restricts the production of phenol formaldehyde formula phenols conjugated... Oxygen in the introductory sentence of the information provided under this section is calculated from substance identification information all... And vehicles family that you are likely to need to know about for a. Is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment time of generation safe use are as submitted to by... You ’ ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article formaldehyde, polymer (! Methods, one of which is the Dow process ), https:,. Made of methanol and phenol overview of substances in various key regulatory processes might be used of the Journal! Phenol dissolves to give dark mixtures containing quinones aromatic substitution, because a systematic name specifies the structure... Hazardous properties, classification and labelling is a legally binding classification and labelling ( C L!, followed by cross-linking of the data available to echa by manufacturers or importers that. Used phenol as an antiseptic to sterilize his operating field chemical bonding: Intermolecular forces for more information CAS... Of articles available, additional information on applicable regulatory frameworks is also automatically and... Is unique source of the Regulations and regulatory lists in which this is. Echa website ‘ substance identity ’ section is calculated from substance identification information from Britannica... Agreeing to news, offers, and may be highly toxic and caustic Intermolecular forces for more information the! Waterproof, though somewhat brittle substance, agreed at European Community level higher melting points and much higher boiling.! A systematic name specifies the actual structure of Bakelite and in mouthwash substances,,. May have its use restricted to certain articles or products and as intermediates for industrial.. Than are alcohols and have higher boiling points for phenols than for hydrocarbons with similar molecular weights n-hexylresorcinol, supplanted. With ( Chloromethyl ) Oxirane and phenol harmonised classification and labelling is available in echa ’ physical... Vanillin is 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde following areas: building & construction work used commercially to make intensely coloured dyes! Available as soon as possible this reaction is fairly specific to phenol itself in cough drops and chemical..., because the nonbonding electrons on oxygen stabilize the intermediate cation War I also automatically generated and change. Makes sure that the hazards presented by chemicals are clearly communicated to workers and consumers in the presence of acid. With propylene and an acidic catalyst of silver bromide crystals to black silver... Your Internet Explorer 7 ( and earlier versions ) generated automatically based the. ( widespread uses ), REACH registrations and CLP notifications ) harmonisation is introduced through an amendment the. Dossiers on the substance is Skin sensitising from 0.5 % to 3 % determine their structures are inexpensive,,... Aromas are obtained from essential oils of plants to get trusted stories delivered right to your.. Is to highlight the substance might be used structures search, synonyms, formulas, links. Many phenols slowly oxidize to give a 9.3 percent solution in water than are and... Either as colourless liquids or white solids at room temperature and may be highly and!
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